| Abstrakt: |
Due to the increasing growth of industrialization and transportation, fuel consumption of fossil fuel as the main energy source is increasing exponentially which is undoubtedly crucial for world growth; however, exhaust emissions are hampering the environmental health to a large extent. Efforts have been undertaken in recent years to minimize harmful emissions from diesel engines by exploring alternative fuels. This study aims to investigate the performance and emission characteristics of a CI engine in dual fuel mode using Karanja oil biodiesel/diesel in various proportions along with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) that is supplied as a secondary fuel. The effect of different fractions of biodiesel to LPG on emission and performance of an engine at different loads is studied. The performance characteristics like specific fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency are analyzed. Various exhaust emissions like of carbon dioxides, carbon monoxides, and nitrogen oxides are calculated at different LPG fractions and blends. Response surface methodology (RSM)–based multi-objective optimization technique is used to optimize the engine performance and emission characteristics and is validated with an experimental data. Optimized values like brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC), brake thermal efficiency (BTE), emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrocarbon (HC), and carbon monoxide (CO) were 23.2962%, 0.294243 g/kWh, 384.121 ppm, 22.0585 ppm, and 0.0295123%, respectively. Consequently, this study recommends to keep inputs, load (%), LPG (%R), and biodiesel (%Vol) near to 53.84, 18.99, and 20 respectively to get best and optimized results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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