| Abstrakt: |
Entrepreneurship is essential to Indonesia's economic progress. 99.9% of all Indonesian firms are micro, small, and medium-sized (MSMEs). Sixty percent of Indonesia's registered micro, small, and medium-sized businesses were held by women (MSMEs). However, it is difficult for more than 70 percent of female entrepreneurs to expand owing to a lack of funding and market access. Most female entrepreneurs operate in the informal and conventional female industries. There are still prevalent gender inequalities in essential company management abilities. Women frequently lack the vocational and technical abilities and job experience necessary to operate enterprises. By sending questionnaires with closed-ended questions on a 5-point Likert scale, the research was able to acquire primary data from 230 women entrepreneurs in Greater Jakarta. This study contributes significantly to the existing literature on entrepreneurship by comparing the entrepreneurial orientation of female entrepreneurs along three dimensions: innovativeness, proactiveness, and risk-taking. In addition, the Rasch model was applied in this study. According to the study's findings, the entrepreneurial orientation of female entrepreneurs varies insignificantly with their level of education. This study's findings may be translated into actionable measures for identifying women business owners who are focused on growth. The report also proposes development approaches for encouraging the growth of women entrepreneurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
