| Abstrakt: |
No tillage (NT) has been proposed as a practice to reduce the adverse effects of tillage on contaminant (e.g., sediment and nutrient) losses to waterways. Nonetheless, previous reports on impacts of NT on nitrate (NO3−) leaching are inconsistent. A global meta‐analysis was conducted to test the hypothesis that the response of NO3− leaching under NT, relative to tillage, is associated with tillage type (inversion vs non‐inversion tillage), soil properties (e.g., soil organic carbon [SOC]), climate factors (i.e., water input), and management practices (e.g., NT duration and nitrogen fertilizer inputs). Overall, compared with all forms of tillage combined, NT had 4% and 14% greater area‐scaled and yield‐scaled NO3− leaching losses, respectively. The NO3− leaching under NT tended to be 7% greater than that of inversion tillage but comparable to non‐inversion tillage. Greater NO3− leaching under NT, compared with inversion tillage, was most evident under short‐duration NT (<5 years), where water inputs were low (<2 mm day−1), in medium texture and low SOC (<1%) soils, and at both higher (>200 kg ha−1) and lower (0–100 kg ha−1) rates of nitrogen addition. Of these, SOC was the most important factor affecting the risk of NO3− leaching under NT compared with inversion tillage. Globally, on average, the greater amount of NO3− leached under NT, compared with inversion tillage, was mainly attributed to corresponding increases in drainage. The percentage of global cropping land with lower risk of NO3− leaching under NT, relative to inversion tillage, increased with NT duration from 3 years (31%) to 15 years (54%). This study highlighted that the benefits of NT adoption for mitigating NO3− leaching are most likely in long‐term NT cropping systems on high‐SOC soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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