Sustained Within-season Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza-associated Hospitalization in Children: Evidence From the New Vaccine Surveillance Network, 2015–2016 Through 2019–2020.
| Autor: | Sahni, Leila C, Naioti, Eric A, Olson, Samantha M, Campbell, Angela P, Michaels, Marian G, Williams, John V, Staat, Mary Allen, Schlaudecker, Elizabeth P, McNeal, Monica M, Halasa, Natasha B, Stewart, Laura S, Chappell, James D, Englund, Janet A, Klein, Eileen J, Szilagyi, Peter G, Weinberg, Geoffrey A, Harrison, Christopher J, Selvarangan, Rangaraj, Schuster, Jennifer E, Azimi, Parvin H |
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| Předmět: |
INFLUENZA prevention
INFLUENZA vaccines RESPIRATORY diseases CONFIDENCE intervals CHILDREN'S hospitals MULTIPLE regression analysis ACQUISITION of data VACCINE effectiveness AGE factors in disease MEDICAL records DESCRIPTIVE statistics RESEARCH funding ODDS ratio HOSPITAL care of children LONGITUDINAL method EVALUATION CHILDREN |
| Zdroj: | Clinical Infectious Diseases; 2/1/2023, Vol. 76 Issue 3, pe1031-e1039, 9p |
| Abstrakt: | Background Adult studies have demonstrated within-season declines in influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE); data in children are limited. Methods We conducted a prospective, test-negative study of children 6 months through 17 years hospitalized with acute respiratory illness at 7 pediatric medical centers during the 2015–2016 through 2019–2020 influenza seasons. Case-patients were children with an influenza-positive molecular test matched by illness onset to influenza-negative control-patients. We estimated VE [100% × (1 – odds ratio)] by comparing the odds of receipt of ≥1 dose of influenza vaccine ≥14 days before illness onset among influenza-positive children to influenza-negative children. Changes in VE over time between vaccination date and illness onset date were estimated using multivariable logistic regression. Results Of 8430 children, 4653 (55%) received ≥1 dose of influenza vaccine. On average, 48% were vaccinated through October and 85% through December each season. Influenza vaccine receipt was lower in case-patients than control-patients (39% vs 57%, P <.001); overall VE against hospitalization was 53% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 46, 60%). Pooling data across 5 seasons, the odds of influenza-associated hospitalization increased 4.2% (−3.2%, 12.2%) per month since vaccination, with an average VE decrease of 1.9% per month (n = 4000, P =.275). Odds of hospitalization increased 2.9% (95% CI: −5.4%, 11.8%) and 9.6% (95% CI: −7.0%, 29.1%) per month in children ≤8 years (n = 3084) and 9–17 years (n = 916), respectively. These findings were not statistically significant. Conclusions We observed minimal, not statistically significant within-season declines in VE. Vaccination following current Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) guidelines for timing of vaccine receipt remains the best strategy for preventing influenza-associated hospitalizations in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: | Complementary Index |
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