| Abstrakt: |
The present study is aimed to evaluate the nutritional value (approximate composition, amino acid, and fatty acid), phytochemicals (sterol, phenol, and flavonoid), and antioxidant status (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and malondialdehyde (MDA)) of Artemia metanauplii (Artemia urmiana) enriched with premix extract of brown macroalgae Padina australis, Sargassum ilicifolium, and Stoechospermum marginatum (PEM). In this study, the cysts were hatched under standard conditions. A total of 2,400,000 metanauplii underwent a completely random scheme with 4 experimental treatments and 3 replications (with 200,000 metanauplii in each replication). The control treatment had no PEM and the experimental treatments were performed with 200, 400, and 600 mg L−1 of PEM in plastic cylindrical-conical containers (2L) at 28 °C and salinity of 30 g L−1 for 8 h. According to the results, with an increase in the concentration of PEM, the fat and protein contents increased and exhibited a significant difference (p < 0.05) compared to the control treatment. Also, the highest total amount of the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), docosahexaenoic acids (DHA) (7.1 ± 91.07%), arachidonic acid (ARA) (6.28 ± 1.02%), linoleic acid (0.0 ± 87.12%) was observed in the PEM600 treatment, which exhibited a significant difference (p < 0.05) from other treatments. Increasing the PEM concentration led to the increased total amount of the essential amino acids, nonessential amino acids, and total amount of all amino acids, and the difference between the PEM-fed treatments was significant (p < 0.05). The highest content of cholesterol, 24-methyl cholesterol, campesterol, sitostanol, delta-7-campesterol, stigmasterol, and total sterol were observed in the PEM600 treatment, which exhibited a significant difference (p < 0.05) from other treatments. There was a direct relationship between the PEM concentration and phenol and flavonoid contents so that the highest values was observed in the metanauplii enriched with PEM600 (2.0 ± 43.13% mg GA g−1 dry extract and 0.007 ± 0.0006 mg QE g−1 dry extract respectively). The highest SOD content in the PEM600 and PEM400 was 29.05 and 29 U mg−1 (p < 0.05). With increasing the PEM concentration, the GPX and CAT contents increased but the CAT content in the PEM600 and PEM400 didn't show a significant difference (p > 0.05). Finally, it is recommended to use the 600 mg concentration of the premix extract of the macroalgae P. australis, S. ilicifolium, and S. marginatum in the A. urmiana diet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
