| Abstrakt: |
The purpose of the research was to determine the contribution of the genotype and environment to the formation of grain with black point and to identify varieties resistant to black point pathogens. The studies were carried out at the Samara Research Institute of Agriculture. In 2015–2021, 13 varieties and breeding lines of competitive variety testing (CVT) were studied: Kharkivskaya 46, Bezenchukskaya 139, Bezenchukskaya 182, Bezenchukskaya stepnaya, Pamyaty Chekhovicha, Marina, Bezenchukskaya 205, Bezenchukskaya 209, Bezenchukskaya niva, Bezenchukskaya 210, Bezenchukskaya zolotistaya, 1307d-51, 1389DA-1. Additionally, 26 varieties of the KASIB nursery (Kazakhstan-Siberian selection of spring wheat) were studied in 2019 and 2020 and 23 samples of the collection from different countries in 2014 and 2018. CVT was studied on plots of 20.0 m2 in five replications, KASIB and the collection were studied on plots of 10.0 m2 in two to three replications. Grain samples for analysis were taken from each replication. The analyzed sample included 500 grains. The prevalence (%) of grains with black point was determined. The reliability of the influence of factors on the spread of black point was determined using analysis of variance, the parameters of adaptability and stability according to A.V. Kilchevsky and L.V. Khotyleva. Environmental conditions made the greatest contribution to the variance of the trait, 55.7%, and genotype factors and genotype to environment interactions were also significant; their influence was 8.2 and 28.7%, respectively. According to the absolute values of stability and stability in CVT, Kharkivskaya 46, Bezenchukskaya 139, Bezenchukskaya 182, and Marina were distinguished. The sum of ranks for resistance and stability in these varieties was 10–17 points, while it was 35–52 in unstable varieties. The most promising in terms of a set of characteristics (the sum of ranks is ten) was the Marina variety. Resistant (0.0–0.25%) genotypes from Siberia (Gordeiforme 910, Gordeiforme 08-25-2, Gordeiforme 08-107-5), Volga region (1963D-71, 2021D-1) and the Ural region (Melyana) and highly resistant (0.0%) genotypes from Italy (ISD19, ISD20, ISD22, Achille, Grecalle, Odisseo) and Austria (Duroflaus, Duromax) were identified in the collection of the nursery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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