| Abstrakt: |
Results from studying the flow of major ions in the water of the Amur River near Khabarovsk for the maximum water discharge in 2013 are presented. The effect of the regulated Zeya and Bureya rivers on the hydrological and hydrochemical regime of the Middle Amur are considered. An uneven distribution of the sum of ions across the width of the river is noted, with the greatest differences observed during the winter low-water period and the fewest differences occurring during the spring high-water period. It was found that, at the crest of the historical flood, the differences in the distribution of the sum of ions across the width of the Amur did not exceed 26 mg/L, and the maximum value in the middle of the river (up to 82.8 mg/L) was higher than during the 1998, 2002, 2009, and 2019 floods. The yearly largest sum of ions (132 mg/L) was recorded as a result of the removal of dissolved matter from the flooded farmland and urbanized areas in December at the beginning of freeze-up. The priority influence of the Sungari River on the temporal and spatial variability in ion concentrations in the water of the Amur River has been shown. An estimate was made of the ionic flow during the winter low-water period, spring flooding, and historical flooding, the decline of which in September was accompanied by the greatest removal of salts (6 644 000 t). Hydrocarbonate and sulfate ions; the calcium ion; and, to a lesser extent, the potassium ion and chloride ion made the main contribution to the formation of the ionic flow. The maximum share of the ionic flow of anthropogenic genesis (sulfates and chlorides) is observed in May during spring flood, when snowmelt dominates in the Amur water runoff, as well as of the hydrocarbonate ion and sodium ion in December, when salts are exported from moisture-saturated soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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