| Autor: |
Romero-Alvarez, Johana, Lupaşcu, Aurelia, Lowe, Douglas, Badia, Alba, Archer-Nicholls, Scott, Dorling, Steve, Reeves, Claire E., Butler, Tim |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics; 2022, Vol. 22 Issue 20, p13797-13815, 19p |
| Abstrakt: |
Tropospheric ozone (O 3) concentrations depend on a combination of hemispheric, regional, and local-scale processes. Estimates of how much O 3 is produced locally vs. transported from further afield are essential in air quality management and regulatory policies. Here, a tagged-ozone mechanism within the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem) is used to quantify the contributions to surface O 3 in the UK from anthropogenic nitrogen oxide (NO x) emissions from inside and outside the UK during May–August 2015. The contribution of the different source regions to three regulatory O 3 metrics is also examined. It is shown that model simulations predict the concentration and spatial distribution of surface O 3 with a domain-wide mean bias of -3.7 ppbv. Anthropogenic NO x emissions from the UK and Europe account for 13 % and 16 %, respectively, of the monthly mean surface O 3 in the UK, as the majority (71 %) of O 3 originates from the hemispheric background. Hemispheric O 3 contributes the most to concentrations in the north and the west of the UK with peaks in May, whereas European and UK contributions are most significant in the east, south-east, and London, i.e. the UK's most populated areas, intensifying towards June and July. Moreover, O 3 from European sources is generally transported to the UK rather than produced in situ. It is demonstrated that more stringent emission controls over continental Europe, particularly in western Europe, would be necessary to improve the health-related metric MDA8 O 3 above 50 and 60 ppbv. Emission controls over larger areas, such as the Northern Hemisphere, are instead required to lessen the impacts on ecosystems as quantified by the AOT40 metric. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: |
Complementary Index |
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