| Abstrakt: |
The study of the morphological and cultural properties together with the structure of intraspecific differentiation of Septoria blight populations of grain crops makes it possible to substantiate the qualitative composition of the biomaterial, which provides an objective assessment of the resistance of host plants. The aim of this research is to characterize the structure of fungal populations that cause Septoria blight of grain crops in different agroclimatic zones of the Russian Federation in terms of morphological and cultural properties. Within the period of 2021, a study of the morphological and cultural properties of pathogens of grain Septoria blight has been conducted in five grain-producing federal districts of the Russian Federation (South and North Caucasus, Lower Volga, Central, Northwestern). At least 100 monoconidial isolates obtained from each infectious sample were studied. The sizes of colonies, their structure, coloring, and intensity of sporulation are described. Among Zymoseptoria tritici isolates, rapid-growing highly sporulating yeast-like colonies prevailed. In populations from the Rostov and Voronezh oblast, mixed colonies were noted more often. Using the Kruskal–Wallis test, the influence of the conditions that develop during the period of vegetation of the host plant on the morphological and cultural properties of the pathogen is shown. Colonies of the Parastagonospora genus had well-developed powdery, woolly or velvety mycelium. The size of the colonies reached 80–90 mm in diameter. Both the medium and high sporulating activity of colonies were noted. Rare species are described: P. avenae f. sp. avenaria from spring oat of Tambov oblast and Septoria triticicola Lobik from spring triticale and soft spring wheat of Krasnodar krai. The resulting monoconidial colonies of P. avenae f. sp. avenaria were uniform gray in color, formed many pycnidia, and were high-sporulating. Monoconidial isolates of the S. triticicola fungus in pure culture were of the zonal type: in the center of the colony, they were white, gray, and granular, while they were gray with dense felt-like mycelium along the edges with multiple pycnidia and high sporulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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