| Abstrakt: |
Objectives: Correlate the Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) in development of Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) and applicability of CPAP (Continuous Positive Air Pressure) in these cases. Methods: Systematic review, on SciELO, PubMed and Lilacs platforms, between 2006 - 2022, searching. Results: OSAHS is a respiratory disorder associated with PH, where 17 to 53% of patients have PH. The severity of the disease may be related to the presence of comorbidities, and a higher apneahypopnea index (AHI) was associated with an enlarged right ventricle and a thicker interventricular septum. The use of long-term nocturnal CPAP in treatment promotes a significant drop in pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), preventing irreversible right ventricular and pulmonary vascular changes. Discussion: OSAHS is a multifactorial disorder, characterized by episodes of partial or total obstruction of the upper airways during sleep. Its main clinical relevance is due to the high association with cardiac alterations, neurocognitive disorders and, also, PH, which is defined as an increase in mean PAP above 25 mmHg at rest. Oxidative stress, reduced cardiac function, chronic hypoxemia, sympathetic hyperactivation, pulmonary vascular remodeling, metabolic dysregulation, inflammation and coagulation disorders are related to its pathophysiology in OSAHS. Conclusion: There is significant relevance in the prevalence of PH in patients with OSAHS. When diagnosing one of these pathologies, the concomitance of both must be investigated, allowing early therapeutic intervention and better prognosis. CPAP as a long-term therapy for OSAHS acts as a prophylaxis of unfavorable hemodynamic outcomes, including PH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
