| Autor: |
Abdelazem, Abdallah Salem, Assaf, Shaden Ahmed Fawzy Mohammed, Hussein, Atef Gouda, Mousa, Mayada Mohamed |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research (Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research); 2021, Vol. 12 Issue 7, p434-447, 14p |
| Abstrakt: |
According to cancer stage. Stages I, II and IIIA are operable cases. While stage IIIB and IIIC are potentially inoperable cases. But stage IV is considered inoperable. Lines of treatment are classified into surgery, radiotherapy and systemic treatment as chemotherapy and hormonal therapy. A modified radical mastectomy is a procedure in which the entire breast is removed; including the skin, areola, nipple, and most axillary lymph nodes, but the pectoralis major muscle is spared. Historically, a modified radical mastectomy was the primary method of treatment of breast cancer. As the treatment of breast cancer evolved, breast conservation has become more widely used. Seroma is an accumulation of serous fluid that develops following the formation of skin flaps during mastectomy or in the axillary dead space in the immediate or acute postoperative period. This collection of serous fluid occurs at rates ranging from 3% to 85% after breast or axillary surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: |
Complementary Index |
| Externí odkaz: |
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