| Abstrakt: |
Background: The effluents generated by the hospital activities and which are rejected into the municipal sewerage system without any prior treatment, present a chemical, biological and physical risk for public and environmental health. They cause a degradation of the aquatic ecosystem, and favor the propagation of antibiotic resistant germs. Objective: The aim of this study is to carry out physicochemical and bacteriological analysis of the effluents of the provincial hospital of Sidi Kacem in Rabat-Salé-Kénitra region, Morocco, in order to evaluate the degree of wastewater pollution and to reduce its environmental impact. Methods: 24 samples of wastewater were collected from the Hospital's main sewer according to Moroccan Norm NM 03.7.059 and transported to the Provincial Laboratory of Epidemiology and Environmental Health (LPEHM) for analysis. These analyses were conducted according to the requirements and methods recommended by Rodier 1996 and 2009. Results: The results of the bacteriological analysis showed a very high bacterial load of fecal coliforms (36,7.104 CFU/100 ml), total coliforms (40.104 CFU/100 ml), and fecal streptococci (21.104 CFU/100 ml). The physicochemical parameters revealed a significant load of organic and mineral matter expressed in terms of nitrates (41,59 mg/l), nitrites (0,53 mg/l), sulphates (222,75 mg/l), ammonia (1,95 mg/l), electrical conductivity (3202 µs/cm), hydrogen potential PH (7.82), all of which are well above the upper limit stipulated by the regulations. The COD/BOD5 ratio (7.66) higher than 3 means that these effluents are hardly biodegradable. Conclusion: These results show that hospital effluent is loaded with mineral, organic and bacteriological pollutants and requires a monitoring system and pre-treatment before they are discharged into the municipal sewers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
