| Abstrakt: |
Modern food production negatively affects the environmental state, primarily the quality of water resources. The absence or imperfection of wastewater treatment methods, and sometimes a violation of the protection rules of water bodies is the cause of their pollution by substances of various origins. In this article the technological processes that are sources of various types of wastewater pollution at the oilseeds processing enterprises are defined. The well-known methods for cleaning fat-containing wastewater are considered; their advantages and disadvantages are established. The qualitative and quantitative composition of wastewater formed on the factory producing vegetable oils LLC "Potoky" is analyzed. It has been established that wastewater after being cleaned with the existing technology contains a large amount of fats, weighted and organic substances, the concentrations of which do not comply with the requirements of the qualitative composition of industrial wastewater discharged into the municipal sewage system. The expediency in modernizing the constructions for cleaning the fat-containing wastewater was substantiated on the example of the vegetable oils producing factory LLC "Potoky" by means of installing an aerated grease trap to reduce the content of pollutants to the standards which meet the requirements for the wastewater discharge from these industrial facilities into the centralized sewage systems of the settlements. The proposed treatment facility makes it possible to significantly reduce the fat content to 10 mg/dm3. In addition, the content of weighted and organic substances (BOC and CODs) in the wastewater after cleaning in the aerated grease trap is decreased (the effectiveness of their purification is approximately 95% and 85%, respectively). This will prevent the formation of fatty deposits on the walls of pipes, ensure the uninterrupted and efficient operation of the sewage networks and treatment facilities at the biological treatment stations of municipal wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
