| Autor: |
Hughes, Joseph, Mcgranaghan, Ryan, Kellerman, Adam C., Bortnik, Jacob, Arrit, Robert F., Venkataramani, Karthik, Perry, Charles H., McCormick, Jackson, Ngwira, Chigomezyo M., Cohen, Morris |
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| Zdroj: |
Space Weather: The International Journal of Research & Applications; Feb2022, Vol. 20 Issue 2, p1-16, 16p |
| Abstrakt: |
The growing depth and breadth of data spanning the solar‐terrestrial environment requires new ways of representing and analyzing the available information. This paper applies one such new data representation—network analysis—to the study of Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GICs) in electric power lines. This work uses newly available electric current data collected by power utilities through the the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) SUNBURST project and magnetometer data from the Super Magnetometer Initiative. The magnetometer data are analyzed using wavelet analysis. This new analysis method shows deviations to be more likely for equatorial stations close to water, which may be caused by the coast effect. The deviation likelihood is a complex function of latitude and magnetic local time. The GIC data are analyzed using "Quiet Day Curves" (QDCs) which help isolate geomagnetic disturbances. We find that current deviations are more common in the early morning sector, but this trend differs from station to station. These current and magnetometer data are represented in a network as nodes which are connected when both the current and magnetic measurements have a statistically significant deviation from their baseline behavior. This network is used to study the link between space weather and GICs. To do this, times when a current deviation exists are compared to times when magnetic deviations exist for each magnetometer ‐ current sensor pair. Current deviations are, on average, 1.83 times more likely when there are magnetic deviations. However, some magnetometer deviations are more indicative than others, with the strongest probability multipliers reaching 3. Plain Language Summary: Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GICs) are harmful effects of space weather that have demonstrated their ability to damage power transformers and disrupt the electrical power grid, yet GIC data are rarely available to space weather researchers. A unique partnership with power grid utilities has led to a new data set of GIC observations for space weather research. This work combines GIC and magnetometer data from a number of stations around the globe to assess how often space weather is coincident with deviations in GICs, and which magnetometers are the best indicators of these deviations. Key Points: The connections between space weather and Geomagnetically Induced Currents are illuminated using network analysis on a current data set released by power grid utilitiesDeviations from average currents are 1.83 times more likely when there are deviations from average magnetic behaviorThe magnetometer deviation most indicative of a current deviation is often not the closest to the current measurement site [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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Complementary Index |
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