| Abstrakt: |
Newcastle is a highly contagious and deadly disease in the bird species, including partridges. Vaccine administration is one of the most important indicators of disease management. On the other hand, immune responses could be influenced direct or indirect by different herbal ingredients. In this study 630 Chukar partridges were divided into 21 groups. Then, live (B1, Clone and Lasota) and inactivated Newcastle disease vaccines were used at 1, 8, 10, 20 and 35 days of age by spray, eye drop, drinking and injection methods. The birds were fed with diets containing different levels of rosemary powder (0.5, 1, 1.5 %) till to 56 days of age as starter diet. blood samples were collected from the wing vein of the birds at 14, 28 and 56 days of age, and antibody titer was calculated by using Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) test. Treatments that were vaccinated with live and inactivated vaccines, demonstrated higher antibody production compared to live vaccines alone (P<0.05). Also, groups receiving live vaccines by eye drop and spray methods showed more potency in stimulating the humoral immune system than those vaccinated by drinking (P<0.05). Feeding partridges with different levels of rosemary powder had no effect on the level of antibody in different groups. According to the results of this study, the higher antibody titer could be produced by using live vaccines through the spray and eye drop approaches in combination with the inactivated vaccine than drinking water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
