| Abstrakt: |
The regularities and factors of methane and carbon dioxide emission from soils were investigated in the settlement of Kommunarka (New Moscow) in the areas built up in 1938–2014 and in the recreational zone. It has been shown that the intensity of the formation and oxidation of methane and, as a consequence, the content of this gas in soils and emissions into the atmosphere, depend on the time of creation of Urbic Technosols (Folinovic) and on the age of other urban soils. In summer, the emission of methane from soils of the residential zone was absent according to median values or did not exceed 0.01 mg CH4 m–2 h–1. Methane was absorbed from the atmosphere. However, local CH4 emission from some soils was observed. During the period with sufficient moisture, maximal emission from the youngest Urbic Technosols (Folinovic) reached 5.25 mg CH4 m–2 h–1 and decreased by an order of magnitude from soils near houses built in 2001 and older. During the dry period, the local emission from young Urbic Technosols (Folinovic) was only 0.03 mg CH4 m–2 h–1 and decreased three times near houses built in 1938. Waterlogged urban soils, containing household waste, were the most dangerous source of methane to the atmosphere. The maximal CH4 emission from them was 57.15 mg CH4 m–2 h–1. The content of carbon dioxide in the technogenic horizons of Urbic Technosols (Folinovic) and Urbic Technosol (Someriumbric) decreased contrary to the building age. The carbon dioxide emission depended more slightly on the period of soil formation as compared to methane. Nevertheless, the CO2 emission under conditions of sufficient humidification was maximal from young Urbic Technosols (Folinovic) (to 3606 mg CO2 m–2 h–1). Under conditions of insufficient moisture, the CO2 emission was maximal from soils of older microdistricts (to 664 mg CO2 m–2 h–1) and from Folic Gleyic Fluvisol (to 1901 mg CO2 m–2 h–1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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