| Autor: |
Alemi, Forough, Raei sadigh, Aydin, Malakoti, Faezeh, Elhaei, Yusuf, Ghaffari, Seyed Hamed, Maleki, Masomeh, Asemi, Zatollah, Yousefi, Bahman, Targhazeh, Niloufar, Majidinia, Maryam |
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| Zdroj: |
Journal of Cellular Physiology; Jan2022, Vol. 237 Issue 1, p313-328, 16p |
| Abstrakt: |
The cellular genome is frequently subjected to abundant endogenous and exogenous factors that induce DNA damage. Most of the Phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase‐related kinases (PIKKs) family members are activated in response to DNA damage and are the most important DNA damage response (DDR) proteins. The DDR system protects the cells against the wrecking effects of these genotoxicants and repairs the DNA damage caused by them. If the DNA damage is severe, such as when DNA is the goal of chemo‐radiotherapy, the DDR drives cells toward cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Some intracellular pathways, such as PI3K/Akt, which is overactivated in most cancers, could stimulate the DDR process and failure of chemo‐radiotherapy with the increasing repair of damaged DNA. This signaling pathway induces DNA repair through the regulation of proteins that are involved in DDR like BRCA1, HMGB1, and P53. In this review, we will focus on the crosstalk of the PI3K/Akt and PIKKs involved in DDR and then discuss current achievements in the sensitization of cancer cells to chemo‐radiotherapy by PI3K/Akt inhibitors. HIGHLIGHTS: Chemotherapy and radiotherapy kill cancer cells primarily by damage to DNA.PIKK family members are activated in response to DNA damage induced by chemo‐radiotherapy.PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is overactivated in most human cancers, and in turn, causes DNA damage response overactivation.There is a crosstalk between PIKKs, PI3K/Akt signaling, and DNA damage repair in cancer cells.Inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling is a new strategy to increasing chemo‐ radiosensitivity in therapy‐resistant cancer cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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