| Abstrakt: |
In this study, the Halder-Wagner method was used for analysis-ray lines of Tio2 nanoparticles. Where the software was used to calculate the FWHM and integral breath (β) to calculate the area under the curve for each of the lines of diffraction. After that, the general equation of the Halder-Wagner method is applied to calculate the volume (D), strain (ε), stress (σ), and energy per unit(u) volume (β). Where the value of the crystal volume was equal to (0.162439nm) and the strain was equal to (1.044126), stress (181.6779 N / m2), and energy per unit volume (94.8474 J m−3). The results obtained from these methods were then compared with those obtained from each of the new paradigms of the HalderWagner method, the Shearer development method, and the Munshi-Shearer method, and their results for the new Halder – Wagner method crystal volume model (0.164877nm), strain (1.28564), retinal stress (223.7021 N / m2), energy per unit volume (109.368 J m−3) and for Munshi-Shearer crystal volume (0.149857nm), and the development of Shearer retinal stress (162.0636 N / m2) and strain (0.9314), energy per unit volume (75.473 J m−3). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
