| Abstrakt: |
The purpose of this manuscript is to provide an overview of methods that are termed EPR oximetry and to describe how these techniques have been successfully applied to characterize oxygenation status in normal and pathological tissues as well as in malignant tumors. Values in oxygenation status are presented for the following tissues: brain, kidney, liver, heart, skeletal muscle, skin, and grafts. We report basal p O 2 values recorded in physiological conditions, values that may considerably vary depending on the anesthesia used. We also present the evolution of the oxygenation under pathological or ischemic states, under oxygen-enriched breathing challenge, and after pharmacological intervention. Because tumor hypoxia is a key detrimental factor in tumor progression and resistance to radiation therapy, EPR oximetry has been increasingly being used not only to characterize hypoxic tumor phenotypes but also to monitor changes in oxygen status after therapeutic interventions (i.e. oxygen or carbogen breathing, modulators of perfusion, inhibitors of oxygen consumption rate, irradiation). EPR oximetry has also been used to qualify or disqualify other oxygen imaging (PET, MRI) biomarkers. Overall, this paper presents a large comprehensive database on p O 2 values recorded in different tissues and in different physiological conditions using EPR oximetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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