| Abstrakt: |
Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by organismus of the fungi kingdom belonging mainly to the Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium genera. The aim of the study was to determine whether these metabolites exist in feed materials under natural conditions and what kind of advices could be given to farmers to avoid some animal health problems. In this connection 76 representative samples containing barley, wheat, sunflower, maize and haricot beans 2017 harvest, originating from different regions of Bulgaria, were investigated by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The presence of zearalenone varied from 50.85÷79.64 µg kg-1 in 21 barley samples and from 51.65 μg kg-1 to 126.5 μg kg-1 in 25 wheat samples. In the same number of barley samples ochratoxin A contamination was detected in the range 4.46÷11.70 µg kg-1 and in wheat samples of 4.86÷7.32 µg kg-1 respectively. The contamination in sunflower, maize and haricot beans with aflatoxins was between 2.73 and 15.99 µg kg-1 . The highest value of aflatoxins was detected in haricot beans samples. Furthermore, maize is a suitable substrate for an accumulation of fumonisin where its concentration reached 4.67 mg kg-1, while in haricot beans samples this mycotoxin was absent. The results obtained in this survey revealed that mycotoxins produced by Fusarium spp. are frequent contaminants of feed grains in Bulgaria. For this reason, the conclusion is to recommend the business operators to carry out constant monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
