Haemophilus influenzae Serotype a (Hia) Carriage in a Small Alaska Community After a Cluster of Invasive Hia Disease, 2018.
| Autor: | Nolen, Leisha D, Tiffany, Amanda, DeByle, Carolynn, Bruden, Dana, Thompson, Gail, Reasonover, Alisa, Hurlburt, Debby, Mosites, Emily, Simons, Brenna C, Klejka, Joe, Castrodale, Louisa, McLaughlin, Joseph, Bruce, Michael G |
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| Předmět: |
DNA analysis
SECRETION CONFIDENCE intervals RURAL conditions HAEMOPHILUS diseases FISHER exact test HAEMOPHILUS influenzae RISK assessment CHI-squared test DESCRIPTIVE statistics CARRIER state (Communicable diseases) RIFAMPIN POLYMERASE chain reaction CONTACT tracing DATA analysis software OROPHARYNX DISEASE risk factors |
| Zdroj: | Clinical Infectious Diseases; Jul2021, Vol. 73 Issue 2, pe280-e286, 7p |
| Abstrakt: | Background Between May and July 2018, 4 Haemophilus influenzae serotype a (Hia) infections occurred in a remote Alaska community. We performed a public health response to prevent further illness and understand Hia carriage. Methods We collected oropharyngeal samples community-wide to evaluate baseline carriage. Risk factors were evaluated by interview. We offered prophylactic rifampin to individuals in contact with invasive Hia patients (contacts) and to all children aged <10 years. Oropharyngeal samples were collected again 8 weeks after rifampin distribution. Samples were tested using real-time polymerase chain reaction and culture. Results At baseline, 4 of 27 (14.8%) contacts and 7 of 364 (1.9%) noncontacts (P <.01) carried Hia. Contacts aged <10 years were more likely to carry Hia at any timepoint (11/18 [61%]) compared to contacts aged ≥10 years (3/34 [8.8%]), noncontacts aged <10 years (2/139 [1.4%]), and noncontacts ≥10 years (6/276 [2.2%]) (P <.001 for all). Hia carriers were clustered in 9 households (7% of total households). At the household level, carriage was associated with households with ≥1 contact (prevalence ratio [PR], 5.6 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.3–21.6]), crowding (PR, 7.7 [95% CI, 1.1–199.5]), and ≥3 tobacco users (PR, 5.0 [95% CI, 1.2–19.6]). Elevated carriage prevalence persisted in contacts compared to noncontacts 8 weeks after rifampin distribution (6/25 [24%] contacts, 2/114 [1.8%] noncontacts; P <.001). Conclusions Hia carriage prevalence was significantly higher among contacts than noncontacts. Rifampin prophylaxis did not result in a reduction of Hia carriage prevalence in this community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: | Complementary Index |
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