| Abstrakt: |
In Ukraine, the golden potato nematode - an object of internal quarantine of plants is distributed mainly in homesteads, much less oen in collective farms. Detection of its foci, especially in the initial stages of land selement is quite difficult, because the typical signs of damage - globoderosis (lag in growth and development, chlorosis, leaf wilting, etc.) are visually manifested only aer the accumulation of high population density as a result of long-term cultivation of nightshade crops in monoculture or with minimal intervals between re-placement. To improve the methods of monitoring the golden potato nematode, various survey schemes were tested: diagonally, by the method of triangle and envelope. It is established that the highest probability of detection of land population by the golden potato nematode is provided by the selection of soil samples by the envelope method. At the same time, compared to other monitoring schemes, a more uniform coverage of the surveyed area is achieved. Modern methods of flotation provide high efficiency of isolation of cysts from the soil brought to an air-dry state. However, soil samples taken from quarantined goods oen require rapid analysis. It was found that with increasing humidity of soil samples, there was a tendency to decrease the proportion of nematode cysts. Therefore, to achieve higher efficiency of nematode cyst isolation, a saturated solution of NaCl should be used at the rate of 50 grams per 1 liter of water. Determination of the species composition of cyst-forming potato nematodes should be carried out on a set of morphometric parameters, biological features (using varieties of differentiators) and biochemical differences. However, given the current high cost of biochemical diagnostic methods, they should be used primarily to identify quarantine and new to science species of cyst nematodes. In particular, the method of isoelectric focusing of proteins in polyacrylamide gel confirmed the belonging of cysts selected from Transcarpathian cells to one species - golden potato cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis (pathotype Ro1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
