| Abstrakt: |
The ruler of the Kazakh khanate – Khan Abylai, in the XVIII century became the core of the collapsing enterprises of the state. In the XVIII century, The Kazakh khanate was a state divided into three parts – Zhuz, which were managed simultaneously by khans from the Genghis Khan family and the Supreme Biy, representatives of the black class – Kara-suyek. The process of decentralization of The Kazakh khanate coincided with external threat-active invasions of Dzungars, which began in the XV century. Dzungar huntaidzhi managed to capture a large part of the Kazakh khanate, the Senior and Middle zhuzes, and displace a huge number of Kazakh tribes from their native territories. The second half of the XVIII century coincided with the expansion of the borders of the Russian Empire, whose rulers, since Peter I, sought to subdue Central Asia. From the South, the Jungar khanate was supported by another powerful neighbor – Qing China. Within The Kazakh khanate, there were several groups headed by Genghis khanates, one of which supported Russia, the other – Dzungaria, and the third group sought its own independence. Born in 1711 to 1735 Sultan Abylai wins the title of Batyr in the fight against Dzungars. Brought up during cruel wars and civil strife, the future Khan forms in himself qualities of the far-sighted politician capable of manoeuvring between two strong states – Russia and China, to unite the Kazakh khanate. In 1771. Abylai is proclaimed the Supreme Khan of The entire Kazakh khanate at the national Assembly. All political activity and biography of Abylai Khan is accompanied by legends and oral tradition. The majority of the legends are devoted to the initial period of life of Abylai Khan. The authors consider the initial period of the life of Abylai Khan through the lens of oral legends and stories that managed to record Kazakh scientists and educators of the XIX-XX centuries. The authors thoroughly examine the issue of Abylai Khan’s orphanhood, which is described in the Kazakh epic and folklore. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
