| Autor: |
Üstün, Sertaç, Ayyıldız, Nazife, Kale, Emre H., Çalıflır, Öykü Mançe, Uran, P›nar, Öner, Özgür, Olkun, Sinan, Çiçek, Metehan |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Anatomy: International Journal of Experimental & Clinical Anatomy; 2020 Supplement, Vol. 14, pS82-S82, 1/2p |
| Abstrakt: |
Objective: Dyscalculia is a learning disability affecting the acquisition of arithmetical skills in children with normal intelligence and age-appropriate education. Two main hypotheses attempt to explain the cause of dyscalculia. The first hypothesis suggests that a problem with the core mechanisms of perceiving (non-symbolic) quantities is the cause of dyscalculia, while the alternative hypothesis suggests that dyscalculics have problems only with the processing of numerical symbols. In this study, number processing in children with dyscalculia and typically developing children was examined via functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods: In the first stage of the study, 2058 third-grade students are scanned with arithmetic tests. After the determined children evaluated by a child psychiatrist, the dyscalculia (n=12, mean age: 11.25) and control (n=15, mean age: 11.26) groups were precisely identified. Participants were asked to perform a numerosity comparison paradigm while undergoing an fMRI scan. The paradigm consists of two types of number conditions (dot and symbolic comparison) and two difficulty levels (0.5 and 0.7 ratios). Results: The results showed that bilateral intraparietal sulcus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex were activated for number perception. The task difficulty activates bilateral insular and anterior cingulate cortex. The dyscalculia group showed more activation in the left orbitofrontal cortex, left medial prefrontal cortex and right anterior cingulate cortex than the control group. The dyscalculia group showed left hippocampus activation specifically for the symbolic comparison condition. Conclusion: The frontoparietal network activation in number tasks along with the insular and anterior cingulate cortex activation that related to task difficulty are in line with the literature. Increased left hippocampal and left-lateralized frontal network activation in dyscalculia group suggest that executive control and memory-based compensation mechanisms are required for symbolic processing for dyscalculics. Overall, our findings indicate that dyscalculia is related to difficulty in symbolic processing. *This study was supported by TÜB‹TAK under the project code 214S069. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: |
Complementary Index |
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