| Autor: |
James, Nathan, Finklea, Kristin, Novak, Whitney K., Lampe, Joanna R., Anderson, April J., Sekar, Kavya |
| Předmět: |
|
| Zdroj: |
Congressional Research Service: Report; 7/13/2020, Preceding p1-32, 34p |
| Abstrakt: |
Several high-profile incidents where there have been complaints of the use of excessive force against individuals and subsequent backlash in the form of civil unrest have generated interest in what role Congress could play in facilitating efforts to build trust between the police and the people they serve. This report provides an overview of the federal government’s role in local police-community relations. According to polling conducted by Gallup, public confidence in the police declined in 2014 and 2015 after several high-profile incidents in which men of color were killed during confrontations with the police. Confidence in the police rebounded back to the historical average in 2017 before declining again in 2018 and 2019. (Gallup data are not yet available for 2020). However, certain groups, such as people of color, people age 34 or younger, and individuals who identify as liberal say they have less confidence in the police than whites, people over the age of 35, and people with conservative political leanings. Some observers believe that a decline in public trust of the police is at least partially attributable to state and local police policies and practices. Federalism limits the amount of influence Congress can have over state and local law enforcement policy. General policing powers are the purview of states, but Congress can try to influence state and local policing policies by attaching conditions to grant funds. The federal government might also choose to address issues related to police-community relations and accountability through (1) federal efforts to collect and disseminate data on the use of force by police, (2) statutes that allow the federal government to investigate instances of alleged police misconduct, and (3) the influence the Department of Justice (DOJ) has on state and local policing through its role as a public interest law enforcer, policy leader, and convener of representatives from law enforcement agencies and local communities to discuss policing issues. There are several options policymakers might consider should they choose to play a role in facilitating better police - community relations, including the following: • placing conditions on federal funding to encourage law enforcement agencies to adopt policies that promote better community relations; • promoting efforts to collect data on the use of force by law enforcement, including evaluating potential overlap between DOJ programs that currently collect the data; • providing grants to law enforcement agencies so they can purchase body-worn cameras for their officers; • taking steps to facilitate investigations and prosecutions of excessive force by amending 18 U.S.C. Section 242 to reduce the mens rea standard in federal prosecution, enhance DOJ civil enforcement under 34 U.S.C. Section 12601, or place conditions on federal funds to promote the use of special prosecutors at the state level; • funding Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) grants so law enforcement agencies can hire more officers to engage in community policing activities; and • using the influence of congressional authority to affect the direction of national criminal justice policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: |
Complementary Index |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
