Cognitive Decline of Rats with Chronic Fluorosis Is Associated with Alterations in Hippocampal Calpain Signaling.

Autor: Nadei, Olga V., Khvorova, Irina A., Agalakova, Natalia I.
Zdroj: Biological Trace Element Research; Oct2020, Vol. 197 Issue 2, p495-506, 12p
Abstrakt: The study was designed to evaluate an influence of excessive fluoride (F−) intake on cognitive capacities of adult rats and on proteins of memory-related calpain signaling in hippocampus. Control animals were given water with natural F− content of 0.4 ppm; rats from other groups consumed the same water supplemented with 5, 20, and 50 ppm F− (as NaF) for 12 months. The efficiency of learning and memory formation was evaluated by novel object recognition (NOR) and Morris water maze tests. The expression of enzymes of calpain-1 and calpain-2 signaling in hippocampus was detected by Western blotting. Excessive F− consumption had moderate impact on short-term memory, but impaired spatial learning and long-term memory of animals. Intoxication of rats with 5–50 ppm F− led to stimulation of calpain-1 in hippocampal cells and its translocation from cytosol to membranes, accompanied by activation of GTPase RhoA. Exposure to 20–50 ppm F− resulted in proteolytic cleavage of phosphatase PHLPP1 and increased expression of phospho-ERK1/2 kinase with insignificant decline of total ERK1/2 activity. In contrast, F− did not change the expression of calpain-2 and its substrates—phosphatase PTEN and kinase mTOR. However, F− intake led to downregulation of cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Thus, altered expression of calpain-1 and its downstream effectors at a background of stable activity of calpain-2 indicates overstimulation of signaling pathways of early LTP phase and disrupted link between early and late LTP phases, most probably due to altered activity of transcriptional and neurotrophic factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Databáze: Complementary Index
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