| Abstrakt: |
At the present stage of the evolution of ship energy, there is a certain increase in the use of gas turbine units (GTU). Analysis of the operation of ships and ships with gas turbine engines showed that these facilities are more efficient than diesel engines on high-speed (with a speed of more than 20 ... 25 knots) displacement-type vessels, as well as on vessels with dynamic principles of maintenance with a large power ratio - up to 20 ... 40 kW per 1 ton of displacement versus 1 ... 2 kW per 1 ton of displacement vessels with speeds of 12 ... 15 knots. For ships and ships with dynamic maintenance principles, accurate determination of engine thrust vectors is relevant. Traditionally, the measurement of the forces transmitted to the housing is carried out in the attachment points of the installation or on special dynamometric stands. In both control options, it is difficult to choose a load measuring device (TIU) that provides a sufficiently high information content and sensitivity of measurements. An analysis of the existing TIUs showed that their use to control the thrust vector of a gas turbine in special operating conditions is characterized by insufficient reliability of the measurement results. In this situation, it seemed appropriate to develop a new circuit solution TIU. The design of the device was positioned as such in which there is no need for constant support for the cleanliness and geometry of the open measuring channel, it provides invariance for interference of electromagnetic and thermal origin, measurements of lateral components of the thrust in two planes are provided, and at the same time, the reliability, sensitivity and simplicity of circuit solutions of known types of systems are preserved. The main difference of the proposed device is that the vertical suspension is additionally mounted on a horizontal elastic suspension, and fiber optic fibers are mounted in the body of both suspensions. The optical fibers, which play the role of sensor elements, are sensitive to torsional deformation, have reflective layers at the ends and thermocompensating bimetallic shells. The combination of optical-mechanical elements in the developed TIU will provide: increased sensitivity and accuracy of measurement of the lateral components of the thrust vector by eliminating the influence of uncontrolled electromagnetic interference that the engine creates and the power effect of currents generated in the power cables; lack of influence of uncontrolled climatological factors on the optical channel; security of sensitive elements of the system; the constancy of the geometry of the optical channel under the influence of uncontrolled operational factors; continuous measurement in real time. Using the proposed TIU will adequately and reliably evaluate the test results of gas turbine units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
