| Abstrakt: |
The article considers M. Heidegger's and H. Arendt's approaches to the problem of the self in its connection to the problem of the Other, emphasizing the significance of Arendt's comprehension of conscience. The methodological basis of the study is formed by the systematic method, the comparative analysis of approaches, and the transition from the particular to the general in the formulations of conclusions. The analysis of the call of conscience, which according to Heidegger turns our existence towards itself and presupposes the isolation from the Other, is examined. It is postulated that, in contrast to Heidegger, Arendt speaks about conscience as an internal dialogue, inferring a critical state of consciousness exploited in Socrates' practical philosophy. According to such attitude of mind, a man lives in a standing proximity to himself, aspiring to be a friend to himself. The for us constitutive "voice of the friend", which Heidegger mentions in passing, is comprehended in Arendt's thought as the voice of our conscience, impossible without addressing to the Other within ourselves. The research reveals the magnitude of solitude, which withstands both loneliness and collective impersonal existence. It is this dialogical address to the Other in the state of solitude which helps the self to break out the ascendancy of the anonymous existence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
