| Abstrakt: |
BACKGROUND The European woodwasp, Sirex noctilio, is a global invasive pest, attacking a wide variety of pine species by inoculating spores of a symbiotic fungus (Amylostereum areolatum) at oviposition. The woodwasp larvae depend on the growth of the symbiotic fungus to feed. The relationship among host endophytic fungi, symbiotic fungus and woodwasp remain elusive. Here, the effects of endophytes in Mongolian pine on the growth of Amylostereum areolatum and the selection behavior of female woodwasp were investigated by quantifying the mycelium growth rates and olfactometry assays. RESULTS: The endophytic plant fungi, Trichoderma harzianum, Phlebiopsis gigantea, T. viride and T. atroviride, completely killed the mycelia of Amylostereum areolatum. Mycelium fermentation broth of Chaetomium globosum inhibited the growth of the symbiont. Moreover, we observed that volatiles of Ophiostoma minus and Aspergillus niger (acetophenone, acetylacetone, hexadecane, phenylethyl alcohol, and isopropyl myristate) had repellent effects on adult female woodwasp. While volatiles of Amylostereum areolatum ((–)‐globulol, 2‐hexene, cycloprop[e]indene‐1a,2(1H)‐dicarboxaldehyde, terpene and cyclopentanone) had a significant attractiveness to adult female woodwasp. CONCLUSIONS: Some species of the host endophytic fungi had a significant negative effect on the growth and development of woodwasps, which could be useful in the monitoring and effective management of woodwasps. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry Host endophytic fungi had a negative effect on mycelial growth of Amylostereum areolatum, and also influenced the survival of Sirex noctilio larvae and the selection of adult female oviposition sites. Therefore, to protect the developing larvae, adult females must locate a suitable host. Probing the sapwood and shallow drilling into the host phloem with her ovipositor allows the adult female to find a suitable growth environment for her offspring, and for the symbiotic fungus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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