| Autor: |
Menya, Diana, Kigen, Nicholas, Oduor, Margaret, Maina, Stephen Karuru, Some, Fatma, Chumba, David, Ayuo, Paul, Osano, Odipo, Middleton, Daniel RS, Schüz, Joachim, McCormack, Valerie A |
| Zdroj: |
International Journal of Cancer; Feb2019, Vol. 144 Issue 3, p459-469, 11p |
| Abstrakt: |
Squamous cell esophageal cancer is common throughout East Africa, but its etiology is poorly understood. We investigated the contribution of alcohol consumption to esophageal cancer in Kenya, based on a hospital‐based case–control study conducted from 08/2013 to 03/2018 in Eldoret, western Kenya. Cases had an endoscopy‐confirmed esophageal tumor whose histology did not rule out squamous cell carcinoma. Age and gender frequency‐matched controls were recruited from hospital visitors/patients without digestive diseases. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusting for tobacco (type, intensity) and 6 other potential confounders. A total of 422 cases (65% male, mean at diagnosis 60 (SD 14) years) and 414 controls were included. ORs for ever‐drinking were stronger in ever‐tobacco users (9.0, 95% CI: 3.4, 23.8, with few tobacco users who were never drinkers) than in never‐tobacco users (2.6, 95% CI: 1.6, 4.1). Risk increased linearly with number of drinks: OR for >6 compared to >0 to ≤2 drinks/day were 5.2 (2.4, 11.4) in ever‐tobacco users and 2.1 (0.7, 4.4) in never‐tobacco users. Although most ethanol came from low ethanol alcohols (busaa or beer), for the same ethanol intake, if a greater proportion came from the moonshine chang'aa, it was associated with a specific additional risk. The population attributable fraction for >2 drinks per day was 48% overall and highest in male tobacco users. Alcohol consumption, particularly of busaa and chang'aa, contributes to half of the esophageal cancer burden in western Kenya. What's new? The authors investigated the role of commercial and locally manufactured alcohols in esophageal cancer in Kenya, a common cancer in East Africa. Alcohol was a large contributor to the cancer burden, particularly in men. Most ethanol came from the traditional brew busaa; and a particularly strong increased esophageal cancer risk was seen for the traditional spirit chang'aa. Alcohol consumption needs to be reduced in Kenya to prevent this common fatal cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: |
Complementary Index |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Plný text