| Abstrakt: |
Background: Estimates suggest that worldwide between 3-7% of all heterosexual couples or women have an unresolved problem of infertility. 20-30% of infertility cases are due to male infertility. The prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) sperm infection ranges between 2 and 31% in men from general population and 10 - 35.7% in men with unexplained infertility. Objectives: This study was designed to figure out the association of HPV type 18, 16, 11, and 6 in men with infertility in Diyala province-Iraq. Subjects and methods: Seminal fluid samples were collected from 90 men who were subdivided equally into oligospermia, azoospermia, and healthy individuals. The age range was 22-48 years with a mean age ± SD was 29.28± 5.78 years. Socio-demographic information were also collected by direct short interview. Complete seminal fluid analysis was done according to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. HPV type 18, 16, 11, and 6 were detected quantitatively and qualitatively in semen samples using the real time PCR kit (AmpliSens® HPV 16/18-FRT). Human privacy was respected by taken participant's consent. Statistical analyses were done using the IBM Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS), Version 21 in association with Microsoft Excel 2010. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The infection rate of HPV type 18, 16, 11, and 6 were 1.1%, 6.7%, 10.0% and 1.1% respectively. The mean titer of HPV type 16 and type 18 were 188.2 and 3.0 copies/milliliter of seminal fluid respectively. The highest infection rate was in oligospermia (30%) followed by azoospermia (20%) and the viral infections were mainly affects the 26-32 years age group. HPV type 11 was significantly impaired the sperm activity (P= 0.009) and HPV type 16, 11, and 6 were significantly affects the sperm morphology (P= 0.004, 0.001, and 0.04) respectively. Conclusion: Although HPV infections are relatively low among men with infertility; however, its effects on sperm parameters are worthy to suggest viral screening of men, at least, those couples with unexplained infertility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
