| Autor: |
Duckett, Jeffrey G., Burch, Jane, Fletcher, Paul W., Matcham, Howard W., Read, David J., Russell, Angela J., Pressel, Silvia |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Journal of Bryology; 2004, Vol. 26 Issue 1, p3-20, 18p, 6 Black and White Photographs, 1 Chart |
| Abstrakt: |
In vitro cultivation is not only essential for the use of bryophytes in cellular, developmental and molecular research but is also vital to the elucidation of the roles of juvenile stages in reproductive biology. Other important uses include the discovery of new characters for systematics, the conservation of rare taxa and understanding the functional significance of fungal and cyanobacterial association in hepatics and hornworts. This article, based on the culturing of over 300 mosses and nearly 50 hepatics sets out the practicalities of in vitro cultivation and reviews the potential rewards. Cultures, initiated from surface-sterilized spores, gemmae or vegetative fragments, are most easily handled in Petri dishes on media containing inorganic salts. Solidification of the medium with Phytogel or Gelrite is preferred to traditional agar because of toxic impurities in the latter. Dilution of the nutrients can be beneficial to the growth of some taxa. Prior knowledge of the seasonality of sporophyte production is vital for establishing cultures from spores, especially those of hepatics. The period of spore availability can be increased by storing ripe capsules at 4°C. Irradiances in culture are usually much lower than in nature, but are still sufficient for good growth, whereas temperatures above 25°C are damaging. Cultured materials can be weaned in vitro onto their natural substrata including rocks. These and protone-mal gemmae suspensions are ideal inocula for reintroducing plants into the wild. Cryopreservation techniques are being developed for the long-term preservation of endangered taxa. Specimens grown in vitro are closely similar to their wild counterparts but sometimes produce propagules previously unknown in nature. Striking examples include the first reports of protonemal gemmae in Ditrichum cornubicum, Saelania glaucescens, Seligeria carniolica and Zygodon gracilis. By contrast, the absence of rhizoidal and protonemal propagules in all the... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: |
Complementary Index |
| Externí odkaz: |
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