A feasibility and efficacy randomised controlled trial of swaddling for controlling procedural pain in preterm infants.

Autor:	Ho, Lai Ping, Ho, Simone SM, Leung, Doris YP, So, Winnie KW, Chan, Carmen WH
Předmět:	EVALUATION of medical care PAIN PREVENTIVE medicine ACTIVE oxygen in the body ANALYSIS of variance BEDDING BLOOD collection FISHER exact test GESTATIONAL age HEART rate monitoring PREMATURE infants NEONATAL intensive care STATISTICAL sampling STATISTICS T-test (Statistics) THERAPEUTICS TIME SAMPLE size (Statistics) DATA analysis PAIN measurement NEONATAL intensive care units RANDOMIZED controlled trials REPEATED measures design HEEL (Anatomy) DESCRIPTIVE statistics MANN Whitney U Test CHILDREN
Zdroj:	Journal of Clinical Nursing (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.); Feb2016, Vol. 25 Issue 3-4, p472-482, 11p, 4 Charts, 2 Graphs
Abstrakt:	Aims and objectives This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of swaddling to control procedural pain among preterm infants. Background Swaddling has been recommended for controlling neonatal pain. However, the feasibility for use is uncertain and insufficient evidence is available among preterm infants. Design A two-arm randomised controlled trial with repeated measures. Method The study was conducted in a 21-bed neonatal intensive care unit of a regional hospital in Hong Kong. Preterm infants who required heelstick procedure were eligible. Fifty-four preterm infants between 30-37 gestational weeks were randomly assigned to swaddling ( n = 27) and control (standard care, n = 27) groups. Pain assessment was performed pre, during, immediate, two, four, six and eight minutes after heelstick procedure using the Premature Infant Pain Profile. Results The mean Premature Infant Pain Profile scores were significantly reduced in the intervention group compared to the control group during, immediate, two, four, and six minutes after the heelstick procedure. The mean changes of heart rate and oxygen saturation in the intervention group were significantly lower than that of the control group at all measured time points. Notably, the swaddled infants quickly resumed to the baseline level at two minutes whereas the control group reached the stable state at an extended period of six minutes. Conclusion The findings show that swaddling is feasible and efficacious in controlling pain for heelstick procedure among preterm infants. No adverse effects were observed. Relevance to clinical practice This article presents the feasibility and efficacy of swaddling as a non-pharmacological and non-invasive intervention to relieve pain during the heelstick procedures among preterm infants. Swaddling can contribute to control minor procedural pain in neonates as one of the simple, safe, cost effective, humanistic and natural analgesia alternatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Databáze:	Complementary Index
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