| Abstrakt: |
The time period between two world wars is characterized by modernist architecture, which developed under strong influence of European academic centres and growing absence of ornaments. The end of World War II brought new social and political contexts, and new economic circumstances. With the first five-year plan period (1947-1952) also came the architecture of modest materials and forms. In addition, the change in social and political contexts at the beginning of 1950s introduced activities, emergence and development of individual architectural studios. Some of them developed their own architectural expressions and revived relationship between architecture and sculpture in fresh, contemporary way, and created examples that represent the epoch. Here, one remembers the projects realized by studio established by architect Mihajlo Mitrović -- apartment buildings in Zahum- ska Street No. 23 and Gospodar Jovanova Street No. 25. This architecture is inseparable from the sculptures created by Ana Bešlic and Ratko Stojadinović. A completely different approach can be found in examples appearing in Novi Beograd. Numerous requests for mass and quick apartment building added to intensive development of industrial, pre-fabricated, systems. One of the representative examples is the "meander" building in Block 21 in Novi Beograd. In this essay we analyze the motive of meander, and we relate it to the works done by artist Julije Knifer who favoured meander as the leitmotif of his creations. The sculptural elements of industrial modernism are: the emphasized horizontal lines, basic geometric forms, small number of floors architectural cubes. "Industrial modernism", as it is referred to in the professional literature, became increasingly present with gradual development of the pre-fabricated systems, as well as with the growth of building industry. Only at the end of the 1960s, there emerged examples of architecture that featured different sensibility. In the sources, it was called "sculptural modernism" abundant with details -- and it announced different approaches to forms opposed to the, until then dominant, "industrial modernism". The Genex building in Belgrade, has a larger number of elements as in brutalist architecture, as well as recognizable influences of important examples of international modern architecture. Parts of the Tower of Genex were painted by painter Lazar Vujaklija. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
