Education, occupation and health status of people of age five years or more living in a high density urban area in Zimbabwe.
| Autor: | Watts TE; Department of Community Medicine, University of Zimbabwe Medical School, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe., Siziya S |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | The Central African journal of medicine [Cent Afr J Med] 1997 Sep; Vol. 43 (9), pp. 260-4. |
| Abstrakt: | Objective: To find out the education, occupation and health status of people aged five years or more living in a high density urban area in Zimbabwe. Design: Cross sectional. Setting: Households in Chitungwiza. Subjects: Persons of age five years or more available in a household at the time of the survey. In 1990 and 1993, 822 and 1,023 people were surveyed, respectively. Main Outcome Measures: Educational level, employment, rate of smoking, nutritional status, blood pressure level, and rate of disability. Results: After the age of 24 years, more males than females were observed in both periods. A much higher proportion (x2 = 20.34, df = 1, p < 0.001) of women were in informal employment in 1993 (28.6%) than in 1990 (12.9%). Meanwhile, about an equal proportion of men were in the informal sector in both periods (12.0% and 10.4% in 1990 and 1993, respectively). For females of age 15 years or more, fewer (40.8%) had attained secondary education than males (76.4%) in 1990 (x2 = 50.2, df = 1, p < 0.001). Overall, 208 (36.1%) men and eight (1.3%) women of age 15 years or more smoked. Raised blood pressure for both sexes increased significantly with age (x2 for linear trend = 20.21 for men and 65.81 for women, df = 1, p < 0.001 for both sexes). More women of age 45 years or more had raised blood pressure than men (x2 = 4.67, df = 1, p = 0.031). Many more women (8.0%) than men (0.7%) had a Ponderal Index of greater than 27 (x2 = 19.33, df = 1, p < 0.001). A total of 12 (1.5%) persons were disabled. Conclusion: Raised blood pressure and obesity mainly affected women and interventions to improve their health is recommended. |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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