High-resolution genomic history of early medieval Europe.

Autor: Speidel L; Ancient Genomics Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK. leo.speidel@riken.jp.; Genetics Institute, University College London, London, UK. leo.speidel@riken.jp.; iTHEMS, RIKEN, Wako, Japan. leo.speidel@riken.jp., Silva M; Ancient Genomics Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK., Booth T; Ancient Genomics Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK., Raffield B; Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden., Anastasiadou K; Ancient Genomics Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK., Barrington C; Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK., Götherström A; Centre for Palaeogenetics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.; Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden., Heather P; Department of History, King's College London, London, UK., Skoglund P; Ancient Genomics Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK. pontus.skoglund@crick.ac.uk.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature [Nature] 2025 Jan; Vol. 637 (8044), pp. 118-126. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jan 01.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08275-2
Abstrakt: Many known and unknown historical events have remained below detection thresholds of genetic studies because subtle ancestry changes are challenging to reconstruct. Methods based on shared haplotypes 1,2 and rare variants 3,4 improve power but are not explicitly temporal and have not been possible to adopt in unbiased ancestry models. Here we develop Twigstats, an approach of time-stratified ancestry analysis that can improve statistical power by an order of magnitude by focusing on coalescences in recent times, while remaining unbiased by population-specific drift. We apply this framework to 1,556 available ancient whole genomes from Europe in the historical period. We are able to model individual-level ancestry using preceding genomes to provide high resolution. During the first half of the first millennium CE, we observe at least two different streams of Scandinavian-related ancestry expanding across western, central and eastern Europe. By contrast, during the second half of the first millennium CE, ancestry patterns suggest the regional disappearance or substantial admixture of these ancestries. In Scandinavia, we document a major ancestry influx by approximately 800 CE, when a large proportion of Viking Age individuals carried ancestry from groups related to central Europe not seen in individuals from the early Iron Age. Our findings suggest that time-stratified ancestry analysis can provide a higher-resolution lens for genetic history.
Competing Interests: Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
(© 2025. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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