Nitrogen Deposition Weakens Soil Carbon Control of Nitrogen Dynamics Across the Contiguous United States.

Autor: Nieland MA; Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA., Lacy P; Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA., Allison SD; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.; Department of Earth System Science, University of California. Irvine, Irvine, California, USA., Bhatnagar JM; Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA., Doroski DA; Connnecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection, Hartford, Connecticut, USA., Frey SD; Center for Soil Biogeochemistry and Microbial Ecology, Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA., Greaney K; Department of Biology, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA., Hobbie SE; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA., Kuebbing SE; Botany Department, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.; The Forest School at the Yale School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA., Lewis DB; Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA., McDaniel MD; Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA., Perakis SS; U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, Corvallis, Oregon, USA., Raciti SM; Department of Biology, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA., Shaw AN; Montana Department of Environmental Quality, Helena, Montana, USA., Sprunger CD; W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.; Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.; Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA., Strickland MS; Department of Soil and Water Systems, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA.; Deep Soil Ecotron, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA., Templer PH; Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA., Vietorisz C; Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA., Ward EB; Department of Environmental Science and Forestry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut, USA., Keiser AD; Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Global change biology [Glob Chang Biol] 2024 Dec; Vol. 30 (12), pp. e70016.
DOI: 10.1111/gcb.70016
Abstrakt: Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition is unequally distributed across space and time, with inputs to terrestrial ecosystems impacted by industry regulations and variations in human activity. Soil carbon (C) content normally controls the fraction of mineralized N that is nitrified (ƒ nitrified ), affecting N bioavailability for plants and microbes. However, it is unknown whether N deposition has modified the relationships among soil C, net N mineralization, and net nitrification. To test whether N deposition alters the relationship between soil C and net N transformations, we collected soils from coniferous and deciduous forests, grasslands, and residential yards in 14 regions across the contiguous United States that vary in N deposition rates. We quantified rates of net nitrification and N mineralization, soil chemistry (soil C, N, and pH), and microbial biomass and function (as beta-glucosidase (BG) and N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) activity) across these regions. Following expectations, soil C was a driver of ƒ nitrified across regions, whereby increasing soil C resulted in a decline in net nitrification and ƒ nitrified . The ƒ nitrified value increased with lower microbial enzymatic investment in N acquisition (increasing BG:NAG ratio) and lower active microbial biomass, providing some evidence that heterotrophic microbial N demand controls the ammonium pool for nitrifiers. However, higher total N deposition increased ƒ nitrified , including for high soil C sites predicted to have low ƒ nitrified , which decreased the role of soil C as a predictor of ƒ nitrified . Notably, the drop in contemporary atmospheric N deposition rates during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic did not weaken the effect of N deposition on relationships between soil C and ƒ nitrified . Our results suggest that N deposition can disrupt the relationship between soil C and net N transformations, with this change potentially explained by weaker microbial competition for N. Therefore, past N inputs and soil C should be used together to predict N dynamics across terrestrial ecosystems.
(© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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