Specialization of the brain for language in children with Fragile X Syndrome: a functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy study.

Autor: Smith E; Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Elizabeth.smith3@cchmc.org.; Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Elizabeth.smith3@cchmc.org., Dominick KC; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA., Schmitt LM; Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.; Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA., Pedapati EV; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA., Erickson CA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders [J Neurodev Disord] 2024 Dec 19; Vol. 16 (1), pp. 69. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Dec 19.
DOI: 10.1186/s11689-024-09582-5
Abstrakt: Specialization of the brain for language is early emerging and essential for language learning in young children. Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is a neurogenetic disorder marked by high rates of delays in both expressive and receptive language, but neural activation patterns during speech and language processing are unknown. We report results of a functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) study of responses to speech and nonspeech sounds in the auditory cortex in a sample of 2- to 10-year-old children with FXS and typically developing controls (FXS n = 23, TDC n = 15, mean age = 6.44 and 7.07 years, respectively). Specifically, we measured changes in oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin in the auditory cortex during blocks of speech and nonspeech matched noise in children with FXS and sex-and-age-matched controls. Similar to controls, children with FXS showed hemodynamic change consistent with neural activation of the primary auditory regions for speech as well as leftward lateralization for speech sound processing, strength of which was associated with higher verbal abilities in FXS. However, while controls showed neural differentiation of speech and nonspeech in the left auditory cortex, children with FXS did not demonstrate differentiation of the two conditions in this study. In addition, the children with FXS showed a greater neural activation to the nonspeech condition overall. Overall, these results suggest that basic patterns of neural activation for speech are present in FXS in childhood, but neural response to nonspeech sounds may differ in FXS when compared to controls.
Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethical approval: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) and was performed in accordance with the protections set forth in the Declaration of Helsinki. Participant’s parents or legal guardians provided written informed consent for participation. Consent for publication: Participant’s parents or legal guardians provided written informed consent for publication of deidentified data. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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