Tension at the gate: sensing mechanical forces at the blood-brain barrier in health and disease.

Autor: Hansen CE; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Hollaus D; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Kamermans A; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., de Vries HE; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. he.devries@amsterdamumc.nl.; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. he.devries@amsterdamumc.nl.; MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. he.devries@amsterdamumc.nl.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of neuroinflammation [J Neuroinflammation] 2024 Dec 18; Vol. 21 (1), pp. 325. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Dec 18.
DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03321-2
Abstrakt: Microvascular brain endothelial cells tightly limit the entry of blood components and peripheral cells into the brain by forming the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is regulated by a cascade of mechanical and chemical signals including shear stress and elasticity of the adjacent endothelial basement membrane (BM). During physiological aging, but especially in neurological diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS), stroke, small vessel disease, and Alzheimer's disease (AD), the BBB is exposed to inflammation, rigidity changes of the BM, and disturbed cerebral blood flow (CBF). These altered forces lead to increased vascular permeability, reduced endothelial reactivity to vasoactive mediators, and promote leukocyte transmigration. Whereas the molecular players involved in leukocyte infiltration have been described in detail, the importance of mechanical signalling throughout this process has only recently been recognized. Here, we review relevant features of mechanical forces acting on the BBB under healthy and pathological conditions, as well as the endothelial mechanosensory elements detecting and responding to altered forces. We demonstrate the underlying complexity by focussing on the family of transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels. A better understanding of these processes will provide insights into the pathogenesis of several neurological disorders and new potential leads for treatment.
Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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