A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Giardia duodenalis in Rabbits: Epidemiology, Genetic Diversity and Possible Zoonotic Concerns.

Autor: Asghari A; Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Mohammadi MR; Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran., Naseri L; Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.; Clinical Research Development Unit, Shahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran., Shamsi L; Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran., Badri M; Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Pouryousef A; Leishmaniasis Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Veterinary medicine and science [Vet Med Sci] 2025 Jan; Vol. 11 (1), pp. e70176.
DOI: 10.1002/vms3.70176
Abstrakt: Background: Giardia duodenalis is a pathogenic protozoan responsible for gastrointestinal infections in various hosts, including rabbits. Understanding its epidemiology, genetic diversity and zoonotic implications is vital for public health and veterinary medicine. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize global data on the prevalence of G. duodenalis in rabbit populations, assess the genetic diversity of the isolates and evaluate the associated zoonotic potential.
Methods: We conducted a thorough literature search across multiple databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar) for studies published until 18 October 2024. Only peer-reviewed articles reporting original research on G. duodenalis in rabbits were included. We extracted data on prevalence rates, testing times, publication years, countries, continents, WHO regions, diagnostic methods, genes used, assemblages and sub-assemblages. A meta-analysis using random-effects models was performed to calculate pooled prevalence rates, with the I 2 index used to assess heterogeneity.
Results: A total of 26 studies/datasets were analysed, covering data from 5543 rabbits across 15 countries. The estimated pooled prevalence of G. duodenalis in rabbits was 12.1% (95% CI: 7%-20%), with substantial heterogeneity (I 2 = 96.5%). Geographic analysis showed higher prevalence rates in Africa and the AFR WHO region (72.3%, 95% CI: 61.7%-80.8%). Genetic analysis revealed three zoonotic assemblages (A, B and E) and two zoonotic sub-assemblages (AI and BIV) of G. duodenalis in rabbits, highlighting concerns over zoonotic transmission.
Conclusions: The findings highlight the global presence and genetic diversity of G. duodenalis in rabbits, indicating potential zoonotic risks. Ongoing monitoring and research are essential to clarify the transmission dynamics and public health implications of G. duodenalis in these animals. Raising awareness among pet owners, veterinarians and public health officials is vital to mitigate potential zoonosis.
(© 2024 The Author(s). Veterinary Medicine and Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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