Plastic additives affect estrogenic pathways and lipid metabolism in precision - cut - liver slices in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua).

Autor: Andersen H; Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway., Müller MHB; Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: mette.h.muller@nmbu.no., Yadetie F; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Norway., Berg V; Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway., Nourizadeh-Lillabadi R; Department of Preclinical Sciences and Pathology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway., Chikwati EM; Department of Preclinical Sciences and Pathology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway., Hermansen L; Imaging Center, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway., Goksøyr A; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Norway., Lyche JL; Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Science of the total environment [Sci Total Environ] 2024 Dec 16; Vol. 958, pp. 177927. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Dec 16.
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.177927
Abstrakt: The overall aim of the present study was to determine if exposure to three high volume plastic additives, including diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), bisphenol A (BPA) and benzotriazoles (BT), have the potential to promote adverse effects in Atlantic cod (G. morhua). Ex vivo precision cut - liver slices (PCLS) from six male juvenile Atlantic cod were exposed to four concentrations of mono-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (MEHP, the main metabolite of DEHP), BPA and BT both singly and in mixtures ranging from 0.1 to 100 μM (MEHP), 0.022-22 μM (BPA) and 0.042-42 μM (BT). Histology and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to assess pathological changes and ultrastructure of the exposed liver tissue. Vitellogenin (Vtg) produced by the hepatic tissue was analyzed using ELISA, and the transcription levels of selected biomarker genes (vtg1, esr1, cyp1a, scdb, aclya, fabp1a, acox1, hnf4a and cebp) were measured using Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR). An estrogenic effect was observed with a significant upregulation of the vtg1 and esr1 genes and increase in Vtg protein synthesis following exposure to BPA and a mixture of the selected compounds. The hnf4a showed a significant downregulation following mixture exposure, where the BPA was suspected to be the main driver for this response although not inducing a significant downregulation in the single component exposure. There was no significant difference between the mixture exposure and the individual compound exposures, nevertheless a tendency of an antagonistic mixture effect for the biomarkers of estrogenic effect (vtg1, esr1 and Vtg), and possibly synergistic or additive effect on the lipid metabolism related gene hnf4a, warrants further investigation.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest Anders Goksøyr is a board member and shareholder of Biosense Laboratories AS, supplier of VTG ELISA kits used in this study. All authors declare no conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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