Lipids: Emerging Players of Microglial Biology.

Autor: Prakash P; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.; Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA., Randolph CE; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA., Walker KA; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA., Chopra G; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.; Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.; Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.; Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.; Regenstrief Center for Healthcare Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Glia [Glia] 2024 Dec 17. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Dec 17.
DOI: 10.1002/glia.24654
Abstrakt: Lipids are small molecule immunomodulators that play critical roles in maintaining cellular health and function. Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, regulate lipid metabolism both in the extracellular environment and within intracellular compartments through various mechanisms. For instance, glycerophospholipids and fatty acids interact with protein receptors on the microglial surface, such as the Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2, influencing cellular functions like phagocytosis and migration. Moreover, cholesterol is essential not only for microglial survival but, along with other lipids such as fatty acids, is crucial for the formation, function, and accumulation of lipid droplets, which modulate microglial activity in inflammatory diseases. Other lipids, including acylcarnitines and ceramides, participate in various signaling pathways within microglia. Despite the complexity of the microglial lipidome, only a few studies have investigated the effects of specific lipid classes on microglial biology. In this review, we focus on major lipid classes and their roles in modulating microglial function. We also discuss novel analytical techniques for characterizing the microglial lipidome and highlight gaps in current knowledge, suggesting new directions for future research on microglial lipid biology.
(© 2024 The Author(s). GLIA published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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