Ancient genomics support deep divergence between Eastern and Western Mediterranean Indo-European languages.

Autor: Yediay FE; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Historical Studies, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden., Kroonen G; Leiden University Centre for Linguistics, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.; Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Sabatini S; Department of Historical Studies, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden., Frei KM; Department of Environmental Archaeology and Materials Science, National Museum of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark., Frank AB; Institute for Geology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.; Department of Research, Collections and Conservation, Environmental Archaeology and Materials Science, National Museum of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark., Pinotti T; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Laboratório de Biodiversidade e Evolução Molecular (LBEM), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil., Wigman A; Leiden University Centre for Linguistics, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands., Thorsø R; Leiden University Centre for Linguistics, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands., Vimala T; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., McColl H; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Historical Studies, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden., Moutafi I; Institute for Pre- and Protohistoric Archaeology and Archaeology of the Roman Provinces, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany.; The M.H. Wiener Laboratory for Archaeological Science, American School of Classical Studies at Athens., Altinkaya I; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Ramsøe A; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Gaunitz C; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Renaud G; Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark., Martin AM; Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Spain., Demeter F; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Eco-anthropologie (EA), Dpt ABBA, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Musée de l'Homme 17 place du Trocadéro, 75016 Paris, France., Scorrano G; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Center for Molecular Anthropology for the study of ancient DNA, Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome Italy., Canci A; University of Udine, Italy., Fischer P; Department of Historical Studies, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden., Duyar I; Istanbul University., Serhal C; British Museum, London (UK) and University College London (UK)., Varzari A; The National Museum of History of Moldova, Chișinău, Republic of Moldova.; Laboratory of Human Genetics, Chiril Draganiuc Institute of Phthisiopneumology, Chișinău, Republic of Moldova., Türkteki M; Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Turkey., O'Shea J; Museum of Anthropological Archaeology, University of Michigan, USA., Rahmstorf L; University of Göttingen, Germany., Polat G; Ege University, Turkey., Atamtürk D; Istanbul University, Turkey., Vinner L; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Omura S; Japanese Institute of Anatolian Archaeology, Turkey., Matsumura K; Japanese Institute of Anatolian Archaeology, Turkey., Cao J; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Valeur Seersholm F; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Morillo Leon JM; Universidad Christian Albrecht de Kiel, Germany., Voutsaki S; Groningen Institute of Archaeology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands., Orgeolet R; Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CCJ, Aix-en-Provence, France.; École française d'Athènes., Burke B; University of Victoria, Canada., Herrmann NP; Texas State University, USA., Recchia G; Rome University La Sapienza, Italy., Corazza S; University of Udine, Italy., Borgna E; University of Udine, Italy., Sampò MC; National Research Council, Italy., Trucco F; Italian Heritage board, Italy., Pando AP; Grupo de Investigación TELLUS. Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología. Universidad de Sevilla. España., Schjellerup Jørkov ML; Laboratory of Biological Anthropology, ArchaeoScience, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark., Courtaud P; University of Bordeaux, France., Peake R; Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), France.; UMR 6298, Université de Bourgogne, France., Bao JFG; Spanish National Research Council, Spain., Parditka G; Museum of Anthropological Archaeology, University of Michigan, USA., Stenderup J; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Sjögren KG; Department of Historical Studies, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden., Staring J; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Olsen L; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Deyneko IV; Laboratory of Human Genetics, Chiril Draganiuc Institute of Phthisiopneumology, Chișinău, Republic of Moldova., Pálfi G; Department of Biological Anthropology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary., Aldana PML; Grupo de Investigación TELLUS. Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología. Universidad de Sevilla. España., Burns B; Classical Studies, Wellesley College, Boston, USA., Paja L; Department of Biological Anthropology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary., Mühlenbock C; Lund University, Sweden., Cavazzuti C; University of Bologna, Italy., Cazzella A; Rome University La Sapienza, Italy., Lagia A; Ghent University, Department of Archaeology, The Netherlands., Lambrinoudakis V; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens., Kolonas L; Ministry of Culture (Greece)., Rambach J; Greek Archaeological Society.; German Archaeological Institute, Athens, Greece., Sava E; The National Museum of History of Moldova, Chișinău, Republic of Moldova., Agulnikov S; National Agency for Archaeology, Chișinău, Republic of Moldova., Castañeda Fernández V; Universidad de Cádiz, Spain., Broné M; Världskulturmuseerna, Sweden., Peña Romo V; Complutense University, Madrid, Spain., Molina González F; Department of Prehistory and Archaeology, University of Granada, Spain., Cámara Serrano JA; Department of Prehistory and Archaeology, University of Granada, Spain., Jiménez Brobeil S; Department of Legal Medicine, Toxicology and Anthropology University of Granada, Spain., Nájera Molino T; Department of Prehistory and Archaeology, University of Granada, Spain., Rodríguez Ariza MO; Branch of Prehistory, Department of Historical Heritage, University of Jaen, Spain., Galán Saulnier C; Department of Prehistory and Archaeology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain., González Martín A; Department of Biology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain., Cauwe N; Royal Museums of Art and History Brussels, Belgium., Mordant C; UMR 6298, Université de Bourgogne, France., Roscio M; UMR 8164, Université de Lille, France., Staniaszek L; Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), France.; UMR 6298, Université de Bourgogne, France., Tafuri MA; Rome University La Sapienza, Italy., Yıldırım T; Department of Archaeology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey., Salzani L; Archaeological Superintendence of Verona, Italy., Sand Korneliussen T; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Moreno-Mayar JV; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Allentoft ME; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Trace and Environmental DNA (TrEnD) Laboratory, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia., Sikora M; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Nielsen R; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Departments of Integrative Biology and Statistics, UC Berkeley, USA., Kristiansen K; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Historical Studies, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden., Willerslev E; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; GeoGenetics Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BioRxiv : the preprint server for biology [bioRxiv] 2024 Dec 02. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Dec 02.
DOI: 10.1101/2024.12.02.626332
Abstrakt: The Indo-European languages are among the most widely spoken in the world, yet their early diversification remains contentious 1-5 . It is widely accepted that the spread of this language family across Europe from the 5th millennium BP correlates with the expansion and diversification of steppe-related genetic ancestry from the onset of the Bronze Age 6,7 . However, multiple steppe-derived populations co-existed in Europe during this period, and it remains unclear how these populations diverged and which provided the demographic channels for the ancestral forms of the Italic, Celtic, Greek, and Armenian languages 8,9 . To investigate the ancestral histories of Indo-European-speaking groups in Southern Europe, we sequenced genomes from 314 ancient individuals from the Mediterranean and surrounding regions, spanning from 5,200 BP to 2,100 BP, and co-analysed these with published genome data. We additionally conducted strontium isotope analyses on 224 of these individuals. We find a deep east-west divide of steppe ancestry in Southern Europe during the Bronze Age. Specifically, we show that the arrival of steppe ancestry in Spain, France, and Italy was mediated by Bell Beaker (BB) populations of Western Europe, likely contributing to the emergence of the Italic and Celtic languages. In contrast, Armenian and Greek populations acquired steppe ancestry directly from Yamnaya groups of Eastern Europe. These results are consistent with the linguistic Italo-Celtic 10,11 and Graeco-Armenian 1,12,13 hypotheses accounting for the origins of most Mediterranean Indo-European languages of Classical Antiquity. Our findings thus align with specific linguistic divergence models for the Indo-European language family while contradicting others. This underlines the power of ancient DNA in uncovering prehistoric diversifications of human populations and language communities.
Databáze: MEDLINE