Antibody Levels from High-Throughput Variant-Specific SARS-CoV-2 Anti-Spike IgG and ACE2 Neutralization Assays Correlate with COVID Infection Risk in a Large Population.

Autor:	Jacobs MB; UC San Diego School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA., Clark AE; UC San Diego School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA., Goldhaber NH; UC San Diego School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA., Valentine HD; UC San Diego School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA., Rivera A; UC San Diego EXCITE Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA., Ngo T; UC San Diego EXCITE Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA., Barber T; UC San Diego EXCITE Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA., Holmes J; UC San Diego EXCITE Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA., Manfredi B; UC San Diego EXCITE Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA., Garretson AF; UC San Diego School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA., Bray W; UC San Diego School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA., Knight R; UC San Diego EXCITE Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.; UC San Diego School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.; UC San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA., Longhurst CA; UC San Diego School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.; UC San Diego School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA., Carlin AF; UC San Diego School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA., De Hoff P; UC San Diego School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.; UC San Diego EXCITE Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA., Laurent LC; UC San Diego School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.; UC San Diego EXCITE Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The Journal of infectious diseases [J Infect Dis] 2024 Dec 16. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Dec 16.
DOI:	10.1093/infdis/jiae622
Abstrakt:	Background: SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels have been proposed as a correlate of protection (CoP) from infection. Yet, large-scale prospective studies of cost-effective scalable antibody measures as predictors of infection under real-world conditions are limited. We examined whether antibody levels measured using high-throughput variant-specific SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike immunoglobulin G (IgG) and ACE2-neutralization assays correlate with cell-based neutralizing antibody (NAb) measurements, and whether they can serve as a reasonable CoP from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: We conducted a large, institutional cohort study between January 2022 and March 2023. Participants (n=2,513) provided dried blood spot (DBS) samples for assessment of anti-spike IgG and ACE2 inhibition levels using high-throughput assays. Comparison with authentic cell-based SARS-CoV-2 NAb assays was conducted using serum samples (n=105). Associations between antibody levels and risk of infection were evaluated. Findings: Correlation between serum and DBS sampling, and cell-based neutralizing and high-throughput antibody binding assays, was high for both anti-spike IgG and ACE2 neutralization, though the degree of correlation varied by variant. Longitudinal evaluation suggested both DBS-based IgG and ACE2 inhibition levels were anticorrelated with infection risk, with higher sensitivity noted for ACE2 inhibition and variant-matched measures. Both IgG and ACE2 inhibition levels decreased over time, with more durable responses observed in participants whose most recent priming event was infection versus vaccination. Interpretation: Findings suggest that variant-specific SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels may be a useful CoP for infection, which has important implications for vaccination recommendations and evaluating infection risk. High-throughput assays measured via DBS may have utility in timing of boosters, either at the population or an individual level. (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:	Zobrazit plný text záznamu