A hypothetical intervention on the use of hearing aids for the risk of dementia in people with hearing loss in UK Biobank.

Autor:	Mur J; Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK.; Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, UK.; Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, UK., Klee M; Department of Social Sciences, Institute for Research on Socio-Economic Inequality (IRSEI), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.; Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University Medical Centre Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany., Wright HR; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, UK.; Population Health Sciences Institute, Medical Sciences Faculty, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK., Solomon A; Institute of Clinical Medicine/Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.; Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK., Johnson C; Speech and Hearing Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, UK., Littlejohns TJ; Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Muniz-Terrera G; Centre for Dementia Prevention, University of Edinburgh, UK.; Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA., Leist AK; Department of Social Sciences, Institute for Research on Socio-Economic Inequality (IRSEI), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	American journal of epidemiology [Am J Epidemiol] 2024 Dec 16. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Dec 16.
DOI:	10.1093/aje/kwae452
Abstrakt:	Observational studies have reported that hearing aid (HA) use is associated with a reduced risk of dementia diagnosis, suggesting a possible protective effect. However, extant observational studies do not explicitly model causal effects, while randomised controlled trials on the effect of HA on dementia exhibit short follow-up. Here we used self-report, hearing tests, and healthcare records in UK Biobank to design a hypothetical intervention for the effect of HA use on the risk of dementia diagnosis in people with incident hearing loss (HL). HA users exhibited a higher risk of dementia diagnosis than non-users (RR=1.43, 95%CI=1.08-1.88). Associations between HA use and dementia diagnosis were robust across sensitivity analyses (RRs: 1.34-1.59) but adjustment for primary healthcare utilisation (0.77, 0.44-1.33) or primary and secondary care utilisation (0.68, 0.39-1.18) substantially decreased the observed effect. The decrease in effect estimates upon adjustment for primary (1.30, 0.95-1.78) and primary and secondary healthcare utilisation (1.30, 0.94-1.78) was smaller when participants with relatively early diagnoses of HL were included in the sample compared to when they were not. While the findings are not conclusive, they suggest residual confounding by healthcare utilisation and dating of HL diagnosis in participants without primary care data in UK Biobank. (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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