Effects of host modulation through omega-3 dietary supplementation on inflammatory outcomes in periodontitis: a scoping review.

Autor:	Carlucci AR; Department of Stomatology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Bergo BR; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil., Silva RNB; Dental Research Division, Universidade de Guarulhos, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil., Bressane GD; Department of Integrated Clinic, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil., Baeza M; Center for Epidemiology and Surveillance of Oral Diseases, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile., Santos NCD; Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.; The Forsyth Institute, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil) [Einstein (Sao Paulo)] 2024 Dec 09; Vol. 22, pp. eRW0936. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Dec 09 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.31744/einstein_journal/2024RW0936
Abstrakt:	Objective: Inflammation causes the progressive destruction of the supporting tissues around teeth in patients with periodontitis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the immunological effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) as adjunctive therapy in patients with periodontal disease and identify potential biomarkers for the disease. Methods: This scoping review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines to investigate the impact of omega-3 therapy with or without acetylsalicylic acid on the immunological parameters of periodontal treatment. Eligible studies included those conducted on patients with normoglycemia and diabetes, published after 2002 in English, and containing relevant keywords. The exclusion criteria included pre-2002 publications, literature reviews, animal studies, and articles without immunological analysis. This review involved careful study selection by two double-blind researchers using the Rayyan software, with data extraction and analysis performed by the third and fourth reviewers. Results: Seven randomized clinical trials that compared control/placebo and n-3 PUFA groups or the follow-ups of the n-3 PUFA groups were included. The concentration of inflammatory cytokines was reduced following dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFA in the reviewed studies. Specifically, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and RANKL levels were reduced after dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFA as an adjunctive therapy for periodontitis. Changes in inflammatory outcomes were associated with the clinical benefits of periodontitis. However, significant divergence in the evaluated inflammatory markers, samples, and methods impairs direct comparisons and quantitative analyses in the available literature. Conclusion: This study highlights the need for clinical trials to advance our understanding and assessment of inflammatory outcomes in patients with periodontitis.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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