Virus-like particle encapsulation of functional proteins: advances and applications.
| Autor: | Sun X; School of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China., Lian Y; School of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.; State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China., Tian T; School of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.; State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China., Cui Z; State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Theranostics [Theranostics] 2024 Nov 04; Vol. 14 (19), pp. 7604-7622. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 04 (Print Publication: 2024). |
| DOI: | 10.7150/thno.103127 |
| Abstrakt: | Proteins face several challenges in biomedicine, including issues with antibody production, degradation by proteases, rapid clearance by the kidneys, and short half-lives. To address these problems, various nano delivery systems have been developed, with virus-like particles (VLPs) emerging as a leading solution. VLPs, which are self-assembled protein complexes, offer effective encapsulation and transport of proteins. They provide enhanced stability, extended circulation time, preserved biological activity, improved targeting for therapies or imaging, and reduced side effects due to minimized systemic exposure. This review explores various methods for encapsulating proteins within VLPs. It assesses the benefits and limitations of each method and their applications in imaging, therapeutic enzyme delivery, vaccines, immunotherapy, nanoreactors, and biosensors. Future advancements in VLPs will depend on improving packaging methods, controlling protein loading, optimizing assembly techniques, and enhancing capsid design. The review also discusses current challenges and proposes solutions to advance the use of VLPs in various applications. Competing Interests: Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interest exists. (© The author(s).) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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