Ancient evolutionary origins of hepatitis E virus in rodents.

Autor:	Jo WK; Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany., Anzolini Cassiano MH; Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany., de Oliveira-Filho EF; Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany., Brünink S; Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany., Yansanjav A; Mammalian Ecology Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 13330, Mongolia., Yihune M; Department of Zoological Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 1176, Ethiopia., Koshkina AI; Association for the Conservation of Biodiversity of Kazakhstan, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan., Lukashev AN; Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector Borne Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119435, Russia., Lavrenchenko LA; Department of Mammalian Microevolution, Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia., Lebedev VS; Zoological Museum, Moscow State University, Moscow 125009, Russia., Olayemi A; Natural History Museum, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State 220005, Nigeria., Bangura U; Department of Public Health, College of Medical Sciences, Njala University, Bo 232032, Sierra Leone.; Implementation Research/Zoonoses Control, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg D-20324, Germany., Salas-Rojas M; Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional 'Siglo XXI', Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico., Aguilar-Setién Á; Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional 'Siglo XXI', Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico., Fichet-Calvet E; Implementation Research/Zoonoses Control, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg D-20324, Germany., Drexler JF; Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany.; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2024 Dec 17; Vol. 121 (51), pp. e2413665121. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Dec 09.
DOI:	10.1073/pnas.2413665121
Abstrakt:	Hepatitis E virus (HEV; family Hepeviridae ) infections cause >40,000 human deaths annually. Zoonotic infections predominantly originate from ungulates and occasionally from rats, highlighting the zoonotic potential of rodent-associated hepeviruses. We conducted host genomic data mining and uncovered two genetically divergent rodent-associated hepeviruses, and two bat-associated hepeviruses genetically related to known bat-associated strains. We thus analyzed 2,565 liver specimens from 108 rodent and shrew species sampled from globally understudied regions and hosts in Africa, Asia, and Latin America during 2011-2018 for hepeviruses by RT-PCR. We detected 63 positive field samples (2.5%, 95% CI 1.9-3.1) from 14 animal species, including two coinfections with genetically divergent strains and significant variation ( X 2 , P < 0.001) in detection rates between study sites. Strain-specific qRT-PCR assays showed virus concentrations between 9.2 × 10 2 and 3.2 × 10 9 copies/g. We recovered 24 near-complete hepeviral genomes from rodents, shrews, and bats, all showing three partially overlapping open reading frames (ORFs), some including putative late domains that may be associated with quasi-envelopment. Rodent-derived hepeviruses grouped into five clades clustering in basal sister relationship to human- (31 to 84% distance in translated ORF1-3) and rat-associated HEV. Parsimony-based analyses and cophylogenetic reconciliations revealed that rodents were predominant sources of hepeviral cross-order host shifts. Bayesian ancestral state reconstructions substantiated a direct origin of human-associated HEV in ungulates such as swine and camelids (posterior probability 0.8), whereas the nonrecent evolutionary origins of human- and ungulate-associated HEV were projected to rodent hosts (posterior probability > 0.9). Our results elucidate the genealogy of human HEV and warrant increased surveillance and experimental risk assessments for rodent-associated hepeviruses. Competing Interests: Competing interests statement:The authors declare no competing interest.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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