Bisphenols in indoor dust: A comprehensive review of global distribution, exposure risks, transformation, and biomonitoring.

Autor: Moorchilot VS; School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India., Louis H; School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India., Haridas A; School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India., Praveena P; School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India., Arya SB; School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India., Nair AS; Department of Climate Variability and Aquatic Ecosystems, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), Kochi, 682508, Kerala, India., Aravind UK; School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science & Technology (CUSAT), Kochi, 682022, Kerala, India., Aravindakumar CT; School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India; Inter University Instrumentation Centre (IUIC), Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India; International Centre for Polar Studies, Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India. Electronic address: cta@mgu.ac.in.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Chemosphere [Chemosphere] 2024 Dec 11; Vol. 370, pp. 143798. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Dec 11.
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143798
Abstrakt: Bisphenols (BPs) are pervasive environmental contaminants extensively found in indoor environments worldwide. Despite their ubiquitous presence and potential health risks, there remains a notable gap in the comprehensive reviews focusing on BPs in indoor dust. Existing literature often addresses specific aspects such as exposure pathways, transformation products, or biomonitoring techniques, but lacks a consolidated, in-depth review encompassing all these facets. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the global distribution of BPs, emphasizing their prevalence in diverse indoor settings ranging from households and workplaces to public areas. Variations in BP concentrations across these environments are explored, influenced by factors such as industrial activities, consumer product usage patterns, and geographical location. Exposure assessments highlight ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact as primary pathways for BP exposure, with ingestion being particularly significant for vulnerable groups such as infants and young children. Studies consistently reveal higher concentrations of BPs in urban indoor dust compared to rural settings, reflecting the impact of urbanization and intensive consumer practices. Moreover, BPs from mobile sources like vehicles contribute significantly to overall human exposure, further complicating exposure assessments. The review also delves into the transformation of BPs within indoor environments, emphasizing the diverse roles of physical, chemical, and biological processes in generating various transformation products (TPs). These TPs can exhibit heightened toxicity compared to their parent compounds, necessitating deeper investigations into their environmental fate and potential health implications. Critical examination of biomonitoring techniques for BPs and their metabolites underscores the importance of non-invasive sampling methods, offering ethical advantages and practicality in assessing human exposure levels. The emerging use of bioindicators, encompassing plants, animals, and innovative approaches like spider webs, presents promising avenues for effectively monitoring environmental contamination.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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