Identifying the unknown: Application of molecular epidemiology tools to identify clustering and HIV transmission routes in Poland.

Autor: Horecki M; Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases and Immune Deficiency, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland. Electronic address: marcin.horecki@telix.pl., Serwin K; Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases and Immune Deficiency, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland., Cielniak I; Faculty of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland., Siwak E; Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland., Jasik MB; Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland., Kalinowska-Nowak A; Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland., Rozpłochowski B; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hepatology and Acquired Immunodeficiencies, Karol; Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland., Aksak-Wąs B; Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases and Immune Deficiency, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland., Witak-Jędra M; Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases and Immune Deficiency, Regional Hospital, Szczecin, Poland., Szymczak A; Department of Infectious Diseases, Liver Disease and Acquired Immune Deficiencies, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland., Szetela B; Department of Infectious Diseases, Liver Disease and Acquired Immune Deficiencies, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland., Mularska E; Department of Infectious Diseases, Regional Hospital Chorzów., Witor A; Department of Infectious Diseases, Regional Hospital Chorzów., Jakubowski P; Infectious Diseases, Pomeranian Hospitals, Gdansk Gdansk, Poland., Hlebowicz M; Infectious Diseases, University of Warma and Mazury in Olsztyn., Olczak A; Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University Ludwik Rydygier Collegium, Bydgoszcz, Poland., Łojewski W; Department of Infectious Diseases, Regional Hospital in Zielona Gora, Zielona Góra, Poland., Jabłonowska E; Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Lódz, Lódz, Poland., Mielczak K; Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases and Immune Deficiency, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland., Ząbek P; Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Warsaw, Poland., Parczewski M; Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases and Immune Deficiency, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases [Infect Genet Evol] 2024 Dec 05, pp. 105699. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Dec 05.
DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105699
Abstrakt: Background: Understanding the dynamics of HIV-1 transmission is essential for developing effective screening and intervention strategies. Viral genetic sequences provide valuable information that can be used to infer the history and patterns of viral transmission.
Purpose: Our study explores the structure and dynamics of HIV transmissions in Poland from 1999 to 2022 to elucidate key patterns related with national epidemics.
Methods: To understand the temporal dynamics of transmission routes we examined HIV pol sequence data from 5705 Polish PWH. The HIV-TRAnsmission Cluster Engine (HIV-TRACE) was utilized to identify potential links between different risk groups and putative links to individuals with unreported transmission risk.
Results: Our analyses generated 503 clusters, containing 3942 individuals, and identified 13,917 putative links. Approximately 69.1 % of the sequences formed clusters. In the dataset 32.2 % of individuals were reported MSM transmission route, 7.9 % by heterosexual, and 5.6 % by PWID transmissions. The transmission route was unknown for 54.2 % of patients. Putative transmissions from MSM to all other groups revealed that 45.1 % of links lead to people with unregistered transmission mode. For heterosexual patients, 40.2 % of connections were directed to patients lacking information on infection routes and 30.5 % to MSM individuals. Our analysis unveiled that 45.1 % of cases with unreported transmission routes may be identified as MSM, while 3.5 % might be potential non-disclosed MSM.
Conclusions: Genetic linkages can provide valuable insights into the transmission dynamics among individuals, even in cases where transmission risk information is missing or unreported. The observed association between MSM and unreported cases highlights the potential of molecular epidemiology to complete missing patient data.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests. Marcin Horecki reports financial support was provided by National Science Centre Poland. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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